Most of the growth of a biennial herbaceous flowers, mostly 2-5 months, short, flowers and lush, rich vibrant color, plant low growing and tidy, beautify effect, cultivation and management, cultivation facilities, simple, from breeding, cultivation time to Chupu short, for frequent replacement. Therefore, a large number used in urban plazas, parks, schools, residential areas and other places put flower arrangement.
Preparation and disinfection basin
Potted flowers in pots because of limited space and the soils, so plant flowers on the soil than to the more demanding. If the basin adverse physical and chemical properties, nutrient deficiencies, growth will directly affect the status of flowers. Therefore, the potted flowers require special preparation of potting. Good soil should be loose culture, fertile, rich humus, drainage, good ventilation, good water, fertilizer capacity, no harmful micro-organisms and other harmful substances. Can be used for the preparation of a variety of potting materials, such as leaf mold, compost soil, organic fertilizer, pond scum, garden soil, peat, accumulation of fermentation of crushed corn cob, peanut shells, bagasse, sand, etc. Preparation of training can make the best of soil, according to the characteristics of flower species, the cultivation of different types of soil preparation, plants generally flower more neutral culture soil. Neutral culture soil garden soil is generally available four, four leaf mold, sand 2 parts, adding an appropriate amount of decomposition of organic fertilizer mixture can also be prepared according to local conditions.
Exposed to large quantities of flowers used in pot culture soil should be disinfected, the most economical and practical method of disinfection is the use of sunlight exposure method. Unsterilized soil cultivation, has the potential to bring large flower pots, and even destructive pest.
Selected basin
As the flower pot a biennial growth cycle is short, after seedling pots on the general need to Chupu Huanpen, so the pots before planting the flowers according to the type of mature plant size (height, crown width, etc.) to select the appropriate size of the pot. According to the standard level of potted, mature height 20 ~ 35cm, crown width 25 ~ 35cm, or a small number of crown 20 ~ 25cm 30 ~ 40cm for dwarf types, generally suitable choice of pot size diameter × height 15cm × 12cm or 12cm × 10cm; mature height 40 ~ 50cm, crown width 40 ~ 50cm medium-sized species, generally suitable choice of pot size of 18cm × 15cm or 15cm × 12cm. If you choose the pot is too large, prone to “dissatisfaction basin” phenomenon; If you choose the pot is too small, then make the flower look “top heavy” disproportion. Both situations will result in flower can not achieve Chupu quality requirements.
Pots used in the case of old pots, old basin should be clean, dry and wash stand, in order to reduce the incidence of pests and diseases. If a new earthen pot, should be 1 to 2 days ahead of the pots with water and soak “annealing”, so that the pelvic wall absorbing enough water to avoid “burn the root.”
The same kind of flowers should be selected with the number of seedlings of the same size pots, avoid choosing a different size, different color of flower pots, in order to achieve neat place to spend the same application effect.
The basin Uenae
When the pot Uenae basin should be based on the number of different types of flowers vary if the flowers mature plant size, branching low, small branches, pot can Uenae 2 to 4, such as daisies, pot Uenae 3 4 , pansy, zinnia, etc., pot Uenae 2 to 3. If only one type of flower Uenae, will lead to “unhappy basin.” Pot Uenae two or more types, selected seedlings to grow evenly, seedling height, stout degree of similarity, will grow on the same pots, potted plant looks neat.
Some types of mature flowers, larger plants, or large leaves, branches, pot Uenae a can, such as kale, Cineraria, cockscomb, etc. If every pot a seedling planted in the central pot, each pot two or more seedlings to be planted evenly distributed, such as by planting three “goods”-shaped planting; planted 4 by a square planting, to avoid “partial basin.”
Seedling pots on time should be appropriate, generally when a 4 to 5 leaves or 5 ~ 6cm high basin on transplanting more appropriate. Seedlings too small, too tender, the bowl is not easy to operate, also have some impact on the survival rate; seedlings was high on pot, plant morphology on the formation of a good negative, and affect Huanmiao adversely affect the quality of the flower.
Cultivation and management measures
Potted flowers in open water and fertilizer management in drought-prone, especially in hot summer and autumn temperatures, sunny morning, evening, once the water permeable; winter and spring, usually around noon every day in a permeable to water.
Potted flowers should pay attention to fertilizer, liquid fertilizer topdressing rapid onset of effect, and so many more dressing liquid fertilizer, master, “Qin Shi thin fat” principle. After the basin attention Huanmiao management, through Huanmiao 4 to 7 days after the first dressing, available n, p, k compound fertilizer, liquid fertilizer concentration of 1% to 3% of the basin water facilities. Easily lead to excessive concentration of liquid fertilizer burn seedlings. Every 10 to 15 days after topdressing fertilizer once, you can gradually increase the p, k the ratio of fat to promote differentiation, reaching more flowers, flowers large, brilliant color, long flowering period, to improve “take cover” (ie, flower or inflorescence number percentage of total crown area). Potted flower judge the quality of coverage is an important indicator.
Flower pots of flowers on the dressing after, pay attention not to use pure n fat, to avoid excessive growth, resulting in little or no flowering flowering. Fertilization should be carried out in the evening, next morning attention to watering. After the first flowering potted flowers should not be re-dressing.
Management of individual plant potted plant morphology on the impact of quality is also crucial. According to different types of flowers, different measures. General measures topping, Maya, to bud and so on. Measures must be understood before the growth of flowers, ornamental characteristics, not blindly, or may cause irreversible damage. Some suitable for topping, no Maya; there should not be topping the Maya to be appropriate; some topping both appropriate, but also the appropriate Maya, appropriate to the bud.
As in the large central flower or flowers as the main trunk at the top of watch parts, or trunk axil of ornamental flowers on the types of good quality, not topping. Such as cockscomb, impatiens, violets, hollyhock, etc., kale, etc. to watch the whole plant morphology and the central leaves of the main species, should not be topping.
If the higher plants, less natural branches, or flowers or inflorescences on lateral branches as the main viewing area of the species, they have the appropriate topping, thick stem to promote strong, controlling height, plant type and tidy to maintain and promote branching, expand the crown, the more flowers and increase the number of flowers, raise flowers cover, such as zinnia, a bunch of red, marigold, periwinkle, etc., topping more than the number of 2 to 3 times, too many times will cause delays flowering .
Some potted flowers is necessary to guarantee a certain number of flowers, but also to ensure the flowers (or inflorescences) reaches a certain size requirements, cultivation is necessary to appropriate topping, but also the appropriate Maya, appropriate to the bud. Through appropriate topping to ensure a certain number of branches, so as to achieve a certain number of flowers; through appropriate Maya, appropriate to the bud, it can avoid branching, flowering too much, too much consumption of nutrients, to ensure that the flowers or inflorescence size to meet quality requirements. Chrysanthemum cultivation, such as pots and appropriate topping, Maya, to ensure pot chrysanthemum buds on ornamental effect is very important.
Should phase Chupu
City of large quantities of potted flowers placed flowers replaced once a month most applications, the typical holiday with flowers, such as “51″, “June”, “71″, “August”, “11″, New Year, chinese New Year etc., need a lot of potted flowers. As a biennial flower viewing period is over you have to be replaced, so a good grasp of the time from sowing to Chupu very important. Such as “51″ flower arrangement, generally in the “51″ Chupu about a week before the most appropriate, if this decline during the flowering period is close to the value of lost Chupu application; other hand, if this time is not close to the beginning of potted flowers, but also not Chupu, or potted plant during the holiday season is bound to miss the best viewing period, so the next time with the arrival of flowering and flower festival has in the past, the production unit of economic losses. Therefore, a good grasp of the characteristics of various floral phenology, master the proper planting time, so that cultivation can be potted period Chupu is very important.
In southern china, Calendula from sowing to Chupu generally about 90 days to prepare New Year’s Day if the application of mid-September to late planting; Another example is the zinnia, impatiens, from sowing to Chupu about 50 to 60 days , South China, “May Day” application of zinnia, impatiens flower, should be sown in early spring, due to low temperatures, flowering will be delayed accordingly, it is generally more suitable for planting in mid-February.
In addition, potted flowers also pay attention to variety selection to the best dwarf species, part of the flower pot can be of medium height, and have access to good viewing, high-type plants are not generally suitable types of flowers.
Pest control is to ensure the quality of the flower of concern. In addition to culture soil disinfection, pot cleaning, disinfection, but usually observe, once found the occurrence of disease or pests to “remedy”, or to take appropriate measures to prevent and treat, so that small government, governance, and not to spread. According to flower grading standards, one, two potted requires no pests and diseases, injury, burns, spots, fading, etc., three potted plant diseases have obvious stains or slightly bug hole, a slight injury, burns, spots or discoloration and so on.
In short, to improve the quality of potted flowers to pay attention to the whole process of cultivation of a wide range of integrated management, in every aspect of good quality, in order to achieve the desired quality requirements.
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